在Oracle Database 11gR2中如何使用md_backup命令

小编给大家分享一下在Oracle Database 11gR2中如何使用md_backup命令，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！

在Oracle Database 11gR2 中，在ASM元数据的备份与恢复方面，Oracle增加了两个命令：md_backup 和 md_restore。

md 是 metadata的缩写，这一工具极大的简化了ASM的元数据维护。

在asmcmd中，通过help md_backup可以看到详细的命令提示：

ASMCMD> help md_backup

        md_backup

        The md_backup command creates a backup file containing metadata

for one or more disk groups.

        Volume and Oracle Automatic Storage Management Cluster File System

(Oracle ACFS) file system information is not backed up.

        md_backup backup_file [-G diskgroup [,diskgroup,...]]

The options for the md_backup command are described below.

backup_file     - Specifies the backup file in which you want to

                          store the metadata.

-G diskgroup    - Specifies the disk group name of the disk group

                          that must be backed up

        By default all the mounted disk groups are included in the backup file,

which is saved in the current working directory.

The first example shows the use of the backup command when you run it

        without options. This example backs up all of the mounted disk groups

and creates the backup image in the current working directory. The

second example creates a backup of disk group DATA and FRA. The backup

        that this example creates is saved in the /tmp/dgbackup20090714 file.

ASMCMD [+] > md_backup /tmp/dgbackup20090716

        ASMCMD [+] > md_backup /tmp/dgbackup20090716 -G DATA,FRA

Disk group metadata to be backed up: DATA

        Disk group metadata to be backed up: FRA

Current alias directory path: ASM/ASMPARAMETERFILE

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/DATAFILE

Current alias directory path: ORCL/TEMPFILE

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/CONTROLFILE

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/PARAMETERFILE

Current alias directory path: ASM

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/ONLINELOG

Current alias directory path: ORCL

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/CONTROLFILE

Current alias directory path: ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2009_07_13

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/BACKUPSET/2009_07_14

Current alias directory path: ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2009_07_14

        Current alias directory path: ORCL

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/DATAFILE

Current alias directory path: ORCL/ARCHIVELOG

        Current alias directory path: ORCL/BACKUPSET

Current alias directory path: ORCL/ONLINELOG

现在backup_file是一个需要强制制定的参数，以下命令备份了ASM中所有的磁盘组元数据：

ASMCMD> md_backup /tmp/oradgbackup20110322

Disk group metadata to be backed up: ACFSG

Disk group metadata to be backed up: CRSDG

Disk group metadata to be backed up: ORADG

Current alias directory path: EYGLE/ONLINELOG

Current alias directory path: EYGLE

Current alias directory path: EYGLE/CONTROLFILE

Current alias directory path: ASM

Current alias directory path: EYGLE/PARAMETERFILE

Current alias directory path: EYGLE/CONTROLFILE

Current alias directory path: EYGLE/TEMPFILE

Current alias directory path: EYGLE/DATAFILE

Current alias directory path: EYGLE

Current alias directory path: EYGLE/ONLINELOG

Current alias directory path: ASM/ASMPARAMETERFILE

也可以制定备份特定的磁盘组信息：

ASMCMD> md_backup /tmp/oradgbackup20110323 -G ORADG

Disk group metadata to be backed up: ORADG

备份以文本格式记录了磁盘组的参数信息：

[grid@enmou1 ~]$ more /tmp/oradgbackup20110323

@diskgroup_set = (

                   {

                     ATTRINFO => {

                                     _._DIRVERSION => 11.2.0.0.0,

                                     COMPATIBLE.ASM => 11.2.0.0.0,

COMPATIBLE.RDBMS => 10.1.0.0.0

                                   },

                     DISKSINFO => {

                                      VOL3 => {

                                                  VOL3 => {

                                                              TOTAL_MB => 9687,

                                                              FAILGROUP => VOL3,

                                                              NAME => VOL3,

DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                              PATH => ORCL:VOL3

                                                            }

                                                }

                                    },

                     DGINFO => {

                                   DGTORESTORE => 0,

                                   DGCOMPAT => 11.2.0.0.0,

                                   DGNAME => ORADG,

DGDBCOMPAT => 10.1.0.0.0,

                                   DGTYPE => EXTERN,

                                   DGAUSZ => 1048576

                                 },

                     ALIASINFO => {},

                     TEMPLATEINFO => {

                                         6 => {

DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                  STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                  TEMPNAME => ONLINELOG,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         11 => {

DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                   STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                   TEMPNAME => AUTOBACKUP,

                                                   REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                   SYSTEM => Y

                                                 },

                                         3 => {

DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                  STRIPE => FINE,

                                                  TEMPNAME => CONTROLFILE,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         7 => {

DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                  STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                  TEMPNAME => DATAGUARDCONFIG,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         9 => {

DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                  STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                  TEMPNAME => CHANGETRACKING,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         12 => {

DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                   STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                   TEMPNAME => BACKUPSET,

                                                   REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                   SYSTEM => Y

                                                 },

                                         2 => {

                                                  DGNAME => ORADG,

STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                  TEMPNAME => DUMPSET,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         14 => {

                                                   DGNAME => ORADG,

STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                   TEMPNAME => DATAFILE,

                                                   REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                   SYSTEM => Y

                                                 },

                                         15 => {

                                                   DGNAME => ORADG,

STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                   TEMPNAME => ASMPARAMETERFILE,

                                                   REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                   SYSTEM => Y

                                                 },

                                         8 => {

                                                  DGNAME => ORADG,

STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                  TEMPNAME => FLASHBACK,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         4 => {

                                                  DGNAME => ORADG,

STRIPE => COARSE,

                                                  TEMPNAME => FLASHFILE,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         1 => {

                                                  DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                  STRIPE => COARSE,

TEMPNAME => OCRFILE,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         0 => {

                                                  DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                  STRIPE => COARSE,

TEMPNAME => PARAMETERFILE,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                },

                                         10 => {

                                                   DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                   STRIPE => COARSE,

TEMPNAME => XTRANSPORT,

                                                   REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                   SYSTEM => Y

                                                 },

                                         13 => {

                                                   DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                   STRIPE => COARSE,

TEMPNAME => TEMPFILE,

                                                   REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                   SYSTEM => Y

                                                 },

                                         5 => {

                                                  DGNAME => ORADG,

                                                  STRIPE => COARSE,

TEMPNAME => ARCHIVELOG,

                                                  REDUNDANCY => UNPROT,

                                                  SYSTEM => Y

                                                }

                                       }

                   }

                 );

通过这些信息，就可以在磁盘组损坏时，快速恢复ASM的元数据。

恢复在磁盘组可用状态下不允许执行：

ASMCMD> md_restore --full -G oradg /tmp/oradgbackup20110323

Current Diskgroup metadata being restored: ORADG

ASMCMD-09352: CREATE DISKGROUP failed

ORA-15018: diskgroup cannot be created

ORA-15030: diskgroup name "ORADG" is in use by another diskgroup (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)

以下是在DROP了ORADG之后，执行恢复的全过程，恢复完成以后，磁盘组被创建，模板信息被还原：

ASMCMD> md_restore --full -G oradg /tmp/oradgbackup20110323

Current Diskgroup metadata being restored: ORADG

Diskgroup ORADG created!

System template ONLINELOG modified!

System template AUTOBACKUP modified!

System template CONTROLFILE modified!

System template DATAGUARDCONFIG modified!

System template CHANGETRACKING modified!

System template DUMPSET modified!

System template BACKUPSET modified!

System template ASMPARAMETERFILE modified!

System template DATAFILE modified!

System template FLASHBACK modified!

System template OCRFILE modified!

System template FLASHFILE modified!

System template PARAMETERFILE modified!

System template TEMPFILE modified!

System template XTRANSPORT modified!

System template ARCHIVELOG modified!

通过-S参数可以仅生成恢复脚本，不执行恢复动作：

ASMCMD> md_restore -S create_oradg.sql /tmp/oradgbackup20110323

Current Diskgroup metadata being restored: ORADG

以下是ORADG磁盘组恢复时执行的命令：

[grid@enmou1 ~]$ more create_oradg.sql

create diskgroup ORADG EXTERNAL redundancy  disk ORCL:VOL3 name VOL3 size 9687M attribute compatible.asm = 11.2.0.0.0, compatible.r

dbms = 10.1.0.0.0;

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG set attribute _._DIRVERSION = 11.2.0.0.0;

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template ONLINELOG attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template AUTOBACKUP attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template CONTROLFILE attributes (UNPROTECTED FINE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template DATAGUARDCONFIG attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template CHANGETRACKING attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template DUMPSET attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template BACKUPSET attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template ASMPARAMETERFILE attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template DATAFILE attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template FLASHBACK attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template OCRFILE attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template FLASHFILE attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template PARAMETERFILE attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template TEMPFILE attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template XTRANSPORT attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/ORADG alter template ARCHIVELOG attributes (UNPROTECTED COARSE);

以上是“在Oracle Database 11gR2中如何使用md_backup命令”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的内容对大家有所帮助，如果还想学习更多知识，欢迎关注行业资讯频道！